作者:未知 來源:咖啡豆: 精品咖啡豆 > 2025-04-25 13:39:00
前街咖啡已可在Tmall選購,60種來自世界各地咖啡豆,新鮮烘焙 24H發貨。
Tmall link:https://qianjieshipin.tmall.com
或直接在淘寶搜尋 「前街旗艦店」
2018-05-21 20:09:52 責任編輯:未知
常見的咖啡產區
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埃塞俄比亞咖啡- 耶加雪菲咖啡- 西達摩咖啡- (耶加雪菲水洗和日曬)-
肯尼亞咖啡- 盧旺達咖啡- 坦桑尼亞咖啡-亞洲產區
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title | '巴西山度士咖啡和美式咖啡,巴西阿拉比卡與羅布斯塔種咖啡區別' |
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description | '專業咖啡師交流 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style ) 巴西咖啡 提起咖啡的產地,人們首先想到的是南美洲的巴西,因爲它是世界上最大的咖啡生產國。巴西咖啡種類繁多,絕大多數巴西咖啡未經清洗而且是曬乾的,它們根據產地州名和運輸港進行分類。巴西有2' |
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content | '<span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微軟雅黑, 黑體, Arial; line-height: 22px;"> 專業咖啡師交流 請關注咖啡工房(微信公衆號cafe_style )</span></span><br /> <br /> <br /> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西咖啡</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 提起咖啡的產地,人們首先想到的是南美洲的巴西,因爲它是世界上最大的咖啡生產國。巴西咖啡種類繁多,絕大多數巴西咖啡未經清洗而且是曬乾的,它們根據產地州名和運輸港進行分類。巴西有21個州,17個州出產咖啡,但其中有4個州的產量最大,加起來佔全國總產量的98%。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西咖啡的口感中帶有較低的酸味,配合咖啡的甘苦味,入口極爲滑順,而且又帶有淡淡的青草芳香,在清香略帶苦味,甘滑順口,餘味能令人舒活暢快。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 它們根據產地州名和運輸港進行分類。巴西有21個州,17個州出產咖啡,但其中有7個州的產量最大,加起來佔全國總產量的98%。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西的地形主要分爲兩大部分,一部分是海拔500米以上的巴西高原,分佈在巴西的中部和南部,另一部分是海拔200米以下的平原,主要分佈在北部和西部的亞馬遜河流域。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 聖保羅州(Mogiana、Centro-Oeste)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴拉那州(Norte Pionerio do Paraná)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴伊亞州(Planaltoda Bahia、Cerrado da Bahia、Atlantico Baiano)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 聖埃斯皮裏圖州(Montanhas do Espírito Santo、Conilon Capixaba)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 米納斯吉拉斯州(Sul de Minas、Cerrado Mineiro、 Chapada de Minas、 Matas de Minas)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 朗多尼亞州(Rond?nia)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 里約熱內盧州 (Rio de Janeiro)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 聖保羅州 Sao Paulo</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 摩吉安娜 / Mogiana<br /> <br /> <br /> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/171107/11-1G10GAFC14.png" style="width: 676px; height: 592px;" /></span><br /> </div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 這塊區域非常接近於Minas南部。咖啡種植在灌木、草地和其他植被之間。在這片區域裏有很多種植家庭,其中一部分採用傳統的大型農場運營方式,有些則採取小規模現代化的運作方式。現代科技混合山體咖啡種植文化造就了最高品質的咖啡生豆。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Centro-Oeste / 中西部</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> (Gar?a,Marilia and Piraju)</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 這個區域的咖啡豆種植一般都是大型莊園結合傳統生產線的方式。儘管看起來產量似乎在降低,但是卻在更加追求生產更高品質生豆。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 關於巴西山度士</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 山度士/山多士(Santos)口感香醇,中性,可單品飲用,和其它種類的咖啡豆相混成綜合咖啡也是很好的選擇。山多士(Santos)並沒有特別出衆的優點,但是也沒有明顯的缺憾,口味溫和而滑潤、酸度低、醇度適中,有淡淡的甜味,這些柔和的味道混合在一起,要想將他們一一分辯出來,是對味蕾的最好考驗,這也是許多Santos迷愛好這種咖啡的原因。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 山度士(Santos)咖啡生長在聖保羅(Sao Paulo)一帶,以出口港山多士(Santos)爲名,是十八世紀由波旁島傳來的阿拉比卡樹後裔,屬於波旁亞種(var. Bourbon)。在樹齡三到四歲以前,波旁咖啡樹結的是小而扭曲的豆子,稱爲“波旁山多士”,這是比較高級的巴西豆,通常在咖啡館裏直接被叫做“巴西”,三四歲以後,波旁咖啡樹只會結出又大又平的豆子,稱做“平豆山多士”(Flat Bean Santos),口味平淡,價格便宜。</span><br /> <br /> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <span style="font-size: 16px;"><img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/171107/11-1G10GA424A3.png" style="width: 630px; height: 418px;" /></span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> <br /> 巴拉那州 Parana</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Norte Pionerio do Paraná</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 這個州過去是巴西最大的生產區域,目前擁有其特有的生產科技。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 在發現咖啡林地的單位產量下降之後,巴拉那州的生產者創建了一種新型“封閉種植系統”。目前,大量的咖啡樹,每公頃的樹苗能更好的抵禦寒風,同時還可以保證更規律的產出。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴伊亞州 Bahia</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴伊亞州 / Atlantico Baiano</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 主要在大型農場當中生產羅布斯塔豆。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 沙帕達 / Planaltoda Bahia</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 該區域位於巴伊亞州中部,主要生產手工篩選的阿拉比卡咖啡。主要採用水洗處理法。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴伊亞喜拉多 / Cerrado da Bahia</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 這個區域位於巴伊亞州西部,普遍認爲是最新的巴西咖啡種植區。針對灌溉與收穫的現代科技,在這片區域廣泛使用。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 聖埃斯皮裏圖州 Espirito Santo</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Montanhas do Espírito Santo</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Conilon Capixaba</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 這個州主要分爲兩個區域,北部不論是大型還是小型莊園,均種植羅布斯塔豆;南部則生產典型的山體種植咖啡,普遍量比較少。此區域水洗和日曬均有。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 米納斯吉拉斯 Minas Gerais</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 南米納斯 / Sul de Minas</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 小莊園區域,生產約800-1000萬袋依山而長的咖啡豆。適宜的海拔高度,起伏的地形和利於種植咖啡的氣候,在果實需要生長的幾個月降雨量集中,在需要收成的幾個月氣候乾燥。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 喜拉多 / Cerrado Mineiro</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 在喜拉多(也稱薩瓦娜)種植咖啡是巴西咖啡科技的一場勝利。喜拉多越來越多的大型咖啡種植園使用高科技進行生產,極少數區域有這類情況。高原氣候,四季分明,果實成熟的很穩定,在豐收的季節完全沒有將於。薩瓦娜咖啡一般使用日曬處理法,而這也是時下處理的一種趨勢。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 米納斯沙帕達 / Chapada de Minas</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 在米納斯吉拉斯州的北部,面積非常小,但生豆質量卻世界頂尖。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 米納斯吉拉斯山 / Matas de Minas</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 非常大的一片區域,生態系統非常多元化,也是巴西最古老的咖啡種植區,它海拔最高的區域是處理咖啡的最佳區域。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 朗多尼亞州 Rond?nia</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 此區域主要生產羅布斯塔種咖啡。</span><br /> <br /> <br /> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/171107/11-1G10GAQLD.jpg" style="width: 600px; height: 600px;" /></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 里約熱內盧州 Rio de Janeiro</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 主要種植阿拉比卡種。相較於其它產區,有優秀的港口交通優勢。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 分級參考:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西咖啡種類繁多,處理方式以日曬法爲主,根據產地州名和運輸港進行分類。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 由於產地較分散、品質參差不齊,分類標準也不統一:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 依參雜物的多寡分NO.2~NO.8</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 依豆的大小而有NO.13~NO.19</span></div> <div> <strong><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></strong></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong> 關於巴西精品咖啡協會</strong></span><br /> <br /> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/171107/11-1G10GA923521.png" style="font-size: 16px; width: 452px; height: 290px;" /></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西精品咖啡協會(BSCA)位於南米納斯州Varginha,是由巴西12家咖啡生產者一起創立於1991年的非盈利咖啡組織。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> BSCA旨在提高巴西本土咖啡生產質量,也爲了促進巴西咖啡商業化和產業化進程,同時通過國內與國際的相關組織合作,發展生態農業,爲咖啡種植區域的可持續發展提供幫助。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 參考資料</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西精品咖啡行業協會</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 維基百科</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西果膠日曬咖啡豆</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 提起日曬法,應用範圍最廣的是巴西;日曬法的缺點是容易混雜瑕疵豆,豆與豆之間的外觀差</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 幹處理(secado),也叫天然全日曬法(natural)。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 日曬法是咖啡果的處理方式的一種,其處理方式爲咖啡櫻桃採收後曬在曝曬場上3~4周,每天均勻翻動數次,是咖啡櫻桃均勻受熱,乾燥後咖啡果核與外皮會分開,再以脫殼機脫去果肉、果皮..等,進行篩選就完成了。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 發酵的方法有兩種,即溼行發醇與乾式發醇,顧名思義,前者加水,後者不加水。發醇的過程中,種子和內部的果肉會產生特殊的變化,這是水洗法之中最影響咖啡風味的一個步驟經過水洗之後,這時,咖啡豆還包在內果皮裏,含水率達50%,必須加以乾燥,使含水率降到12%,否則他們將繼續發醇,變黴腐敗。較好的處理方法是使用陽光乾燥,雖然得費時1個-3個星期,不過,風味特佳,相當受到喜愛。另外,有些地方使用機器乾燥,大量縮短處理時間,使得風味不如陽光乾燥的咖啡</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西咖啡田一望無際,多半用機械採收,以符合經濟效益。當咖啡園75%的咖啡果子變紅,既開始機械採收,接着進行水洗相同的前置作業,既移入水槽剔除浮豆,篩出沉豆,再以大型果肉篩除機,刨出果肉,取出沾滿果膠的豆莢。接下來的階段則與水洗法分道揚標:粘稠的豆莢不需移入水槽發酵,改而移到戶外的曬豆場,由於巴西氣候很乾燥,約一天左右豆莢上的粘稠果膠會變硬。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 再動用大批的人力上下翻動,讓豆莢裏外均勻乾燥,以免回潮發臭,約兩至三天藉助陽光與乾燥氣候的自然力,豆莢可達到一定的脫水度。接着再以烘乾機進一步乾燥,含水量降至10.5--12%,再將豆莢儲存到特製的容器內約十天,進一步熟成,以求品質穩定,出口前再磨掉羊皮屑(既豆莢),取出咖啡豆,分級包裝。黏膜的附着力很強,並不容易去除,必須放在槽內約18-36小時,使其發醇,並分解黏膜。</span><br /> <br /> <br /> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/171107/11-1G10GAUI19.png" style="width: 689px; height: 580px;" /></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> <br /> <br /> 咖啡果實在採摘之後,直接在太陽下晾曬,根據天氣情況,一般要晾曬1--2周,使咖啡豆含水量降至10%-12%,然後再用機器除去幹燥的果皮果肉。生豆處理廠(beneficio)在生豆儲存時一般會保留咖啡豆外面的羊皮紙殼(parchment; pergamino),直到出口前才除去(哥斯達黎加法律規定咖啡生豆出口時不能帶有羊皮紙殼)。這種處理方式一般要求產地日照充分。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 提起咖啡的產地,人們首先想到的是南美洲的巴西,因爲它是世界上最大的咖啡生產國。巴西咖啡種類繁多,絕大多數巴西咖啡未經清洗而且是曬乾的,它們根據產地州名和運輸港進行分類。巴西有21個州,17個州出產咖啡,但其中有4個州的產量最大,加起來佔全國總產量的98%。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 巴西咖啡的口感中帶有較低的酸味,配合咖啡的甘苦味,入口極爲滑順,而且又帶有淡淡的青草芳香,在清香略帶苦味,甘滑順口,餘味能令人舒活暢快。<br /> <br /> <br /> 巴西和美式的區別</span><br /> <br /> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 意式濃縮咖啡Espresso:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 以高溫和高壓的熱水,快速迫出咖啡味道,成爲一份濃縮咖啡。根據Starbucks的營養表格,一杯single shot的濃縮咖啡只有5大卡,咖啡因有75mg,因爲沒有添加任何牛奶所以非常「濃烈」。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 美式咖啡Americano:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Americano就是一份Espresso,加大量熱水,令其濃度變淡和較易入口。一杯single shot的美式咖啡同樣是只有5大卡,咖啡因有75mg。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 摩卡咖啡Mocha:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Mocha就是一份Espresso加巧克力糖漿、奶和奶泡(奶油)。一杯single shot、而全脂奶衝的細杯摩卡咖啡有160大卡,咖啡因有90mg。你可以看作是加了巧克力糖漿和奶油的拿鐵咖啡。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 白咖啡Flat White:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 以一份30ml的Ristretto來說,一杯白咖啡就會有咖啡量4倍的蒸氣牛奶,表面會有一層較絲滑、而且泡量少的細幼奶泡。一杯single shot、以全脂奶衝的細杯白咖啡有110大卡,咖啡因有130mg,適合本身不喜歡喝奶或奶泡但喜歡喝濃咖啡的人。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 拿鐵Latte:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 以一份30ml的Espresso來說,一杯拿鐵會有咖啡量3-9倍的蒸氣牛奶,表面會有一層較軟綿、而且泡量多的細幼奶泡。一杯single shot、以全脂奶衝的細杯拿鐵有110大卡,咖啡因有75mg,奶味會比白咖啡重,而且咖啡因較少。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 卡布奇諾Cappuccino:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 以一份30ml的Espresso來說,一杯卡布奇諾會有咖啡量1倍的蒸氣牛奶,表面會有一層?杯的厚實粗奶泡。因爲奶泡份量比Latte和白咖啡更多,所以口感更Creamy。一杯single shot、以全脂奶衝的細杯拿鐵有90大卡,咖啡因有75mg。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 嗯,說到這裏,好像也沒有什麼比較“冷”的姿勢,那麼,接下來進入重點吧。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 你知道美式咖啡有幾種做法?Americano和Long Black有什麼區別?</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 美式咖啡說簡單也簡單,說難也真難!不就是意式濃縮咖啡加水嘛,冰美式加冰水,熱美式加熱水~</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 可是!細分起來它有兩種做法:先加水或者後加水。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 兩種不同的製作方式分別是:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Americano和Long Black</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 一種是先加水後加Espresso——Americano</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 一種是先加Espresso後加水——Long Black</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 它們咖啡兌水比例都一樣(1:6~8),那麼風味上有沒有區別呢?有的,區別原因兩種做法對於Espresso面上的油脂(crema)的保留程度不同。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Americano:香氣弱並且不明顯,苦味重,冷卻後風味變化不明顯。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Long Black:香氣強並且豐富,苦味弱,冷卻後風味平淡。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> Flat White真的只是薄奶泡的卡布奇諾,還是少奶的拿鐵?</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 典故:Flat White 直譯爲平白咖啡,又稱“鮮奶濃縮咖啡”,中國星巴克取名“馥芮白咖啡”,源自新西蘭、澳大利亞的花式咖啡。據傳二次大戰時,意大利人移民紐澳兩國並將咖啡文化帶到當地,在 1980 年代衍生出 Flat White 咖啡。直至今日兩國人民依然在爭論誰纔是Flat White 的發源地。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 特色:Flat White 的咖啡牛奶比例與 Cappuccino 相近,但上層奶泡細緻度與拿鐵較爲相似、泡沫較少,口感在拿鐵與卡布奇諾之間,但傳到各國之後,作法都略有不同。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 不知道大家有沒有留意到,上面的對於幾款花式咖啡的介紹中,只有Flat White 中出現了Ristretto這個單詞,那麼Ristretto和Espresso有什麼區別嗎?</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 意大利語翻譯:</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 【ristretto】:形容詞,本意是狹窄的,延展意有濃的、濃縮的。stretto是形容詞,有緊的、狹窄的意思;ri是表示重複的詞頭。合在一起就是雙倍的緊,所以就是更濃縮。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 【espresso】:形容詞,本意是快的;詞根有按、壓的意思。</span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></div> <div> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 【lungo】:形容詞,本意是長的,延展意爲淡的,稀薄的。</span></div> <br /> <br /> <span style="font-size: 16px;"> 淘寶鏈接:https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.5-c.w4002-15673140460.31.72521f08PqQm4A&id=40061745543</span></div> <div> </div> ' |
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markid | 'module-article-8' |
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urlrule | '/views-111383-[page].html' |
fix_html_now_url | '' |
my_web_url | 'https://gafei.com/views-111383' |
get | array ( 's' => 'article', 'c' => 'show', 'id' => '111383', 'm' => 'index', ) |
App.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/App.php |
Autoload.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Autoload.php |
Cache.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Cache.php |
Cache.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Cache.php |
CodeIgniter.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Extend/CodeIgniter.php |
Constants.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Constants.php |
Content.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Model/Content.php |
ContentSecurityPolicy.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/ContentSecurityPolicy.php |
Cookie.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Cookie.php |
Database.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Database.php |
Date.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Date.php |
Exceptions.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Exceptions.php |
Exceptions.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Extend/Exceptions.php |
Field.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Field.php |
File.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Field/File.php |
Filters.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Filters.php |
Helper.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Helper.php |
Hooks.php | FCPATH/App/Bdts/Config/Hooks.php |
Hooks.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Hooks.php |
Init.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Init.php |
Input.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Input.php |
Kint.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Kint.php |
Lang.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Lang.php |
Logger.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Logger.php |
Member.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Model/Member.php |
Model.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Model.php |
Module.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Extend/Home/Module.php |
Modules.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Modules.php |
Paths.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Paths.php |
Phpcmf.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Phpcmf.php |
Request.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Extend/Request.php |
Router.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Router.php |
Router.php | FCPATH/My/Library/Router.php |
Routes.php | APPPATH/Config/Routes.php |
Routes.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Routes.php |
Security.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Security.php |
Seo.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Library/Seo.php |
Service.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/Service.php |
Services.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Services.php |
Show.php | APPPATH/Controllers/Show.php |
Text.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Text.php |
Textarea.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Textarea.php |
Toolbar.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/Toolbar.php |
Ueditor.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Field/Ueditor.php |
UserAgents.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/UserAgents.php |
Version.php | FCPATH/My/Config/Version.php |
View.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Config/View.php |
View.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Core/View.php |
View.php | FCPATH/Fcms/Extend/View.php |
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cache.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/cache/config/cache.php |
custom.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/custom.php |
database.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/database.php |
domain_app.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/cache/config/domain_app.php |
domain_client.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/cache/config/domain_client.php |
hooks.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/hooks.php |
index.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/hk/index.php |
lang.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/hk/api/language/zh-cn/lang.php |
memcached.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/memcached.php |
redis.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/redis.php |
rewrite.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/config/rewrite.php |
site.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/cache/config/site.php |
system.php | /data/web/hk.gafei.com/xunruicms/cache/config/system.php |
AutoloadConfig.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/AutoloadConfig.php |
Autoloader.php | SYSTEMPATH/Autoloader/Autoloader.php |
BaseBuilder.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/BaseBuilder.php |
BaseCollector.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/BaseCollector.php |
BaseConfig.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/BaseConfig.php |
BaseConnection.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/BaseConnection.php |
BaseHandler.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cache/Handlers/BaseHandler.php |
BaseResult.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/BaseResult.php |
BaseService.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/BaseService.php |
Builder.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/MySQLi/Builder.php |
CacheFactory.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cache/CacheFactory.php |
CacheInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cache/CacheInterface.php |
CliRenderer.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/CliRenderer.php |
CloneableCookieInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cookie/CloneableCookieInterface.php |
CodeIgniter.php | SYSTEMPATH/CodeIgniter.php |
Common.php | SYSTEMPATH/Common.php |
Config.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/Config.php |
Config.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/Config.php |
Connection.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/MySQLi/Connection.php |
ConnectionInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/ConnectionInterface.php |
ContentSecurityPolicy.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/ContentSecurityPolicy.php |
Controller.php | SYSTEMPATH/Controller.php |
Cookie.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cookie/Cookie.php |
CookieInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cookie/CookieInterface.php |
CookieStore.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cookie/CookieStore.php |
Database.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/Database.php |
Database.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Database.php |
DebugToolbar.php | SYSTEMPATH/Filters/DebugToolbar.php |
DotEnv.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/DotEnv.php |
Escaper.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Escaper/Escaper.php |
Events.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Events.php |
Events.php | SYSTEMPATH/Events/Events.php |
Exceptions.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Exceptions.php |
Factories.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/Factories.php |
Factory.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/Factory.php |
FileLocator.php | SYSTEMPATH/Autoloader/FileLocator.php |
Files.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Files.php |
FilterInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Filters/FilterInterface.php |
Filters.php | SYSTEMPATH/Filters/Filters.php |
Header.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/Header.php |
IncomingRequest.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/IncomingRequest.php |
Kint.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Kint.php |
Logger.php | SYSTEMPATH/Log/Logger.php |
LoggerInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/PSR/Log/LoggerInterface.php |
Logs.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Logs.php |
Message.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/Message.php |
MessageInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/MessageInterface.php |
MessageTrait.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/MessageTrait.php |
Modules.php | SYSTEMPATH/Modules/Modules.php |
Query.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/Query.php |
QueryInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/QueryInterface.php |
RedisHandler.php | SYSTEMPATH/Cache/Handlers/RedisHandler.php |
Renderer.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/Renderer.php |
RendererInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/View/RendererInterface.php |
Request.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/Request.php |
RequestInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/RequestInterface.php |
RequestTrait.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/RequestTrait.php |
Response.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/Response.php |
ResponseInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/ResponseInterface.php |
ResponseTrait.php | SYSTEMPATH/API/ResponseTrait.php |
ResponseTrait.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/ResponseTrait.php |
Result.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/MySQLi/Result.php |
ResultInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Database/ResultInterface.php |
RichRenderer.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/RichRenderer.php |
RouteCollection.php | SYSTEMPATH/Router/RouteCollection.php |
RouteCollectionInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Router/RouteCollectionInterface.php |
Router.php | SYSTEMPATH/Router/Router.php |
RouterInterface.php | SYSTEMPATH/Router/RouterInterface.php |
Routes.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/Routes.php |
Routes.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Routes.php |
Services.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/Services.php |
TextRenderer.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Renderer/TextRenderer.php |
Timer.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Timer.php |
Timers.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Timers.php |
Toolbar.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar.php |
URI.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/URI.php |
UserAgent.php | SYSTEMPATH/HTTP/UserAgent.php |
Utils.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/Utils.php |
View.php | SYSTEMPATH/Config/View.php |
View.php | SYSTEMPATH/View/View.php |
Views.php | SYSTEMPATH/Debug/Toolbar/Collectors/Views.php |
init.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/init.php |
init_helpers.php | SYSTEMPATH/ThirdParty/Kint/init_helpers.php |
url_helper.php | SYSTEMPATH/Helpers/url_helper.php |
Directory: | |
Controller: | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show |
Method: | index |
Params: | 0 / 0 |
Method | Route | Handler |
---|---|---|
GET | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
HEAD | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
POST | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
PUT | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
DELETE | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
OPTIONS | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
TRACE | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
CONNECT | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
CLI | migrations/([^/]+)/([^/]+) | \CodeIgniter\Commands\MigrationsCommand::$1/$2 |
CLI | migrations/([^/]+) | \CodeIgniter\Commands\MigrationsCommand::$1 |
CLI | migrations | \CodeIgniter\Commands\MigrationsCommand::index |
CLI | ci(.*) | \CodeIgniter\CLI\CommandRunner::index/$1 |
CLI | / | \Phpcmf\Controllers\Show::index |
Time | Event Name | Times Called |
---|---|---|
9.57 ms | pre_system | 1 |
0.20 ms | dbquery | 9 |
Action | Datetime | Status | Method | URL | Content-Type | Is AJAX? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2025-04-25 13:39:00 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:58 | 200 | GET | https://www.51kanju.gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:56 | 200 | GET | https://gf.coffeecdn.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:44 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:41 | 200 | GET | https://jenkins.gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:39 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:38 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:37 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:36 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:32 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:30 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:29 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:27 | 200 | GET | https://test.gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:23 | 200 | GET | https://codec.gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:10 | 200 | GET | https://gf.coffeecdn.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:06 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:38:01 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:37:57 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:37:55 | 200 | GET | https://gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No | |
2025-04-25 13:37:53 | 200 | GET | https://owa.gafei.com/index.php/ | text/html; charset=UTF-8 | No |
Session doesn't seem to be active.
s | article |
c | show |
id | 111383 |
m | index |
Priority | u=0, i |
Accept-Encoding | gzip, deflate, br, zstd |
Sec-Fetch-Dest | document |
Sec-Fetch-User | ?1 |
Sec-Fetch-Mode | navigate |
Sec-Fetch-Site | none |
Accept | text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7 |
User-Agent | Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com) |
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests | 1 |
Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform | "Windows" |
Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile | ?0 |
Sec-Ch-Ua | "HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129" |
Cache-Control | no-cache |
Pragma | no-cache |
Host | gafei.com |
Priority | u=0, i |
Accept-Encoding | gzip, deflate, br, zstd |
Sec-Fetch-Dest | document |
Sec-Fetch-User | ?1 |
Sec-Fetch-Mode | navigate |
Sec-Fetch-Site | none |
Accept | text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7 |
User-Agent | Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com) |
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests | 1 |
Sec-Ch-Ua-Platform | "Windows" |
Sec-Ch-Ua-Mobile | ?0 |
Sec-Ch-Ua | "HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129" |
Cache-Control | no-cache |
Pragma | no-cache |
Host | gafei.com |
CodeIgniter Version: | 4.1.4 |
PHP Version: | 8.0.25 |
PHP SAPI: | fpm-fcgi |
Environment: | development |
Base URL: | https://gafei.com/ |
Timezone: | PRC |
Locale: | en |
Content Security Policy Enabled: | No |