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'<p style="text-align: center; ">
<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/150921/3-150921163935M6.jpg" style="width: 299px; height: 291px; " /></p>
<p>
用風力和振動把咖啡豆中混雜的灰/泥土/小石子/金屬等多種雜質去除.清理過程一般在專用機械上進行,也可使用手工篩選.再讓咖啡豆通過大小不同的篩網,將其按大小分級.有條件的話還可用色度計來監測未成熟過頭的咖啡豆,挑出顏色過淺或過深的咖啡豆.用紫外光挑選並去除朽爛的咖啡豆.</p>
<p>
2.調配</p>
<p>
在進行焙炒之前,不同品種的咖啡調配起來,通過把補充不同品種和產地的咖啡,把各種香味和成分組合起來,使製出的咖啡具有特定的香味,保證咖啡質量的一致性.</p>
<p>
爲了找到適合不同人口味的咖啡,可把咖啡按其產地不同以一定比例加入以取得最好的效果.一般說來,溼法處理的阿拉比卡咖啡味道發酸而芳香四溢,天然的阿拉比卡咖啡中味道平均.羅巴斯塔咖啡則味道濃烈味道發苦且帶泥土味而產於肯尼亞和坦桑尼亞的咖啡,有明顯的甜和酸味.不同的混合能產生獨具的特色.</p>
<p>
3.焙炒</p>
<p>
調配好的咖啡豆在幹狀態下處理,使咖啡豆的結構和成分發生重大的化學和物理變化,導致咖啡豆變暗並散發出焙炒咖啡特有的香味.</p>
<p>
剛開始時,焙炒溫度應升到150攝氏度以上,通過一系列,梅拉德(Maillard)反應和Strecker分解,咖啡豆中的蛋白質和糖發生反應生成有香味和顏色的物質.咖啡中的幾種主要香味物質在這一時間形成.咖啡豆的顏色與焙炒溫度有關,溫度越高顏色就越深.經焙炒8min~12min後,咖啡豆內水分完全蒸發,咖啡豆的質量減少20%,但體積增加60%.</p>
<p>
4.冷卻</p>
<p>
焙炒完的咖啡豆必須快速冷卻,一般採用冷空氣鼓風冷卻,也有采用水冷卻工藝.</p>
<p>
5.包裝</p>
<p>
焙炒咖啡製品也要求有嚴密的包裝和適宜的儲藏環境.由於焙炒咖啡製品本身易氧化,焙炒咖啡製品的包裝和儲藏就更加重要.</p>
<p>
剛從生產過程出來的焙炒咖啡製品,有着優美的香味,這些也應該是焙炒咖啡製品新鮮的特徵.但不久,以上的這些特徵相繼消失.在一般的氣候下,焙炒咖啡製品變質速度往往取決於包裝和儲藏條件.</p>
<p>
包裝的作用是避免空氣各水汽對焙炒咖啡製品的侵襲.空氣的相對溼度時高時低,如果焙炒咖啡製品吸收空氣和水蒸氣可嚴重到失去商品的價值.因此,包裝材料和包裝形式的選擇是提高製品的抗水及空氣的關鍵.</p>
<p>
包裝的另外一個作用是持久地保護焙炒咖啡製品的香.五是保護焙炒咖啡製品本身的香氣逸散到空氣中;二是陰止外界環境中一切不愉快氣味的污染.新鮮的香味濃郁的焙炒咖啡製品,在放置一段時間後,香味就會削弱,這首先是易揮發的芳香物質從產品擴散到空間中,同時焙炒咖啡製品也會染上週圍的不愉快氣味,所以,品質優良的焙炒咖啡製品大多采取密封性包裝保持它的香味.</p>
<p>
注:容易出現的質量安全問題</p>
<p>
1.咖啡焙炒過程中時間和溫度設置不合理造成質量指標下降</p>
<p>
在焙炒過程中,咖啡豆在高溫處理過程中發生了一系列的物理和化學的變化,這決定了它們的味道和風味的質量,如果焙炒溫度被提高雖然可以提高焙炒速度也可使咖啡豆的顏色變深,但卻不能使梅拉德反應充分發生,咖啡的風味物質生成有限.</p>
<p>
2.產品存儲和包裝不當造成咖啡風味下降和產生不愉快氣味</p>
<p>
剛剛焙炒過的咖啡應該儘快包裝起來,如果與空氣接觸咖啡就會氧化失去它特有的味道,包裝也可防止焙炒咖啡染上週圍的不愉快氣味.所以,焙炒咖啡製品大多采取密封性包裝保持它的香味.</p>
<p>
同時,咖啡豆經焙炒後會產生一定量的二氧化碳氣味,所以,如果存放不當會造成體積膨大而脹壞包裝袋,故應儘量採用帶氣門裝置的複合包裝袋,氣門是一個單向閥門它即防止空氣進入,又能讓咖啡產生的氣體順利排出,當然,金屬罐是較爲理想的包裝材料.</p>
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'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '34',
'namerule' => '{typedir}/{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '4',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '656',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-jingpinkafeixue.html',
'total' => 34,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
) |
| urlrule |
'/views-40427-[page].html' |
| fix_html_now_url |
'' |
| my_web_url |
'https://gafei.com/views-40427' |
| get |
array (
's' => 'article',
'c' => 'show',
'id' => '40427',
'm' => 'index',
) |
