雲南小粒咖啡振翅欲飛

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　　China has traditionally been famous for its fragrant teas, but the country is emerging as a key Asian producer of a different beverage: quality arabica coffee. Known for its fruity aroma, the coffee from the southwestern province of Yunnan has become a staple of European arabica blends, say international commodity traders and roasters.

　　從歷史傳統上來看，中國以出產芳香的茶葉而聞名。如今，中國卻日漸成爲高品質阿拉比卡咖啡豆(arabica，亦稱小粒咖啡)這種截然不同的飲品在亞洲的重要生產國。這種咖啡豆以芬芳的果香聞名於世。國際大宗商品交易商和烘焙商表示，產自中國西南省份雲南省的阿拉比卡咖啡豆，已成爲歐洲阿拉比卡咖啡的主要混合原料。

　　Arabica, mainly used in cappuccinos and espressos, was introduced into Yunnan by a French missionary in the late 1880s. But coffee production only took off 100 years later with the investment of the Chinese government and the UN Development Programme.

　　阿拉比卡咖啡豆主要用於製作卡布奇諾和濃縮咖啡(espresso)。這種咖啡豆是在19世紀80年代末，由一位法國傳教士引入雲南的。然而，直到一百年後，在中國政府和聯合國開發計劃署(UN Development Programme)的投資下，咖啡產量才迅速增長起來。

　　“The mild taste and aroma is similar to the beans from Honduras or Guatemala,” said Wouter De Smet, head of Nestlé's coffee agricultural services team in China.

　　雀巢在華咖啡農業服務團隊主管沃特•德梅(Wouter De Smet)表示：“那種清淡的口感和芳香與產自洪都拉斯和危地馬拉的咖啡豆十分類似。”

　　An increasing number of Yunnan farmers are turning to coffee, which offers higher returns compared with other crops. In 2012, farmers’ income from coffee was double that for tea grown on the same acreage, according to Mr De Smet.

　　與其他作物相比，咖啡更高的回報正促使越來越多的雲南農民轉種咖啡。按照德梅的說法，2012年農民從咖啡中獲得的收入是同等種植面積下茶葉的兩倍。

　　Chinese coffee exports have grown steadily over the past decade, with volumes rising from 137,000 60kg bags in 1998 to 1.1m 60kg bags in 2012 – on a par with Costa Rica and just under 1 per cent of the world total. The boom in production comes as coffee drinking in China is growing at about 15 percent a year, compared with about 2 percent for the world.

　　過去十年來，中國咖啡出口量一直在穩步增長，從1998年的13.7萬袋(每袋60公斤)增長至2012年的110萬袋。這與哥斯達黎加的出口量相等，佔全球總出口量的比例略低於1%。就在咖啡產量迅猛增長的同時，中國的咖啡飲用量也在以每年約15%的幅度快速增長。相比之下，全球咖啡飲用量的增速只有大約2%。

　　Yunnan's high-altitude terrain is very favorable for growing coffee with its prevailing micro climate of cool nights and mild days throughout the year. Today, North American buyers and global traders consider Yunnan to be one of the most promising coffee growing regions in the world.

　　高海拔地形，再加上全年晝暖夜涼的小氣候等得天獨厚的地理優勢，使得雲南特別適宜種植咖啡。如今，北美採購商和全球貿易商都認爲雲南是全球最具潛力的咖啡種植區域之一。